Ancient cities dating back over 2,500 years with many well preserved ruined cities that are UNESCO World Heritage sites. Anuradhapura was the capital of ancient Sri Lanka in the 3rd century B.C. It is the city of stupas and monasteries, steeped in antiquity. The Jetavanarama Dagoba (temple) which is larger than all but two of Egypt's pyramids is not to be missed. Ruwanweliseya and Thuparama stupas are two other notable dagobas. The holy Bo tree is considered the oldest historically documented tree in the world. It is known as the Sri Maha Bodhi and it is under the shade of this type of tree that Buddha attained enlightenment. A short drive from Anuradhapura is the Aukana Buddha which is a 39 foot rock cut statue and is considered to be one of the finest stone sculptures in Asia.
Polonnaruwa was the medieval capital from the 11th to the 12th century A.D. The most famous of all the sculptures here is the Gal Vihare which comprises of four colossal statues of Buddha carved out of living rock. Lankathilake or the Image House was one of the splendid shrines in Asia in the 12th century. The Watadage and the Hatadage, Gal Pota, and Kiri Vehera are all part of a glorious era of prodigious artworks of Polonnaruwa. The Tivanka Pilimage with its priceless murals and the vast man made lake that is the Sea of Parakrama, is a feat of ancient engineering.
The citadel of Sigiriya is a rock fortress in the sky, and was crowned by a fabled palace on the summit and dates back to the 5th century A.D. The vision of a patricidal King named Kasyapa transformed this awesome monolith into a cloud swept city rising up 600 feet out of the emerald green scrub jungle into the bluest of blue skies. The mirror wall, which protects exquisite frescoe painting of celestial maidens and Lion’s Paw entrance to the summit of the palace are well worth seeing.
Dambulla rock cave temple is another UNESCO World Heritage site. The temple is comprised of a series of 5 caverns with ceilings of natural rock covered with intricate paintings. The natural folds of the rock have been skillfully used to given the illusion of cloth. Forty eight statues of the Buddha and images of the various deities can be seen inside the cave.
The drive to the central highlands to the ancient hill capital of Kandy passes through many spice gardens for which Sri Lanka is famous for. Ancient Arab traders came in search of spices, gems and ivory. Kandy was the seat of the last king of Kandy and home to the venerated tooth relic of Buddha housed in a golden casket in the Temple of the Tooth known as the “Dalada Maligawa”.
Driving from Kandy through an undulating landscape passing cascading water falls is the lush, green tea country of Nuwara Eliya. The tea estates and the Victorian style homes speak of a by-gone era.
Passing three temperate zones to the south is the wild life sanctuary of Yala where one can spend time tracking wild elephants and leopards in addition to other animals. A scenic drive along the coastline to the Dutch city of Galle with its imposing ramparts and fort will provide a glimpse into the colonial Dutch era. The capital of Colombo is a busy and bustling metropolis of sleek cafes, boutique-chic hotels, tantalizing restaurants and shops filled with local handicrafts and textiles.